Reading No. 2

Masalah Kesihatan & Rawatan - Amina Hj Noor..

first page, ok..second page..hmm....third page..i put it down and switched on this pc..and logged in to Seri Serodja..

tonite there is not much to share...days goes very well..except when I went home..caught in the rain...got soaked from the head to toe.. when we reached home...it was heavy..but it is normal to get wet..we are the few ones who will drove through the thicked rain.for us..stopping is wasting time.. time is precious for both of us.. since we will go home and take a bath anyway..so we are okay to get soaked wet every time..it rained...we never think to get a shelter...but if cant see the road..we with heavy hearts will take shelter with the others under the flyover..

there is no excitement but being closed to the family...my heart is content.

Not used to watch the ceilings..

so tonite..my first non academic book ...

"Ayahku" autobiography of Prof Dr Hamka's father...

- He is a Minangkabauan....like me...

- I loved all the Pantun in minang slangs...

- Page 35..suddenly..my eldest sister pop up...

stop for today...

Sharing - mp3 - Asmaul Husna = 99 Nama Allah

http://www.4shared.com/file/70381794/8687bcb3/asma-ul-husna-99-nama-allah.html

you can download..

Summary of Second Semester

It started with a warm feelings when my results was quite good, higher than cgpa of 3.6 , makes me floating in the sky and yes, it is for a while.

the first seminar , we met our 4 new lecturer, Puan Rozana Abdullah, we started with the technological error, the air conditioned does not work, the projector was slowing down us.

heat and me..will introduce migrain, and yes..migrain took a place the whole day that day.

She was pretty, that it..migrain..will not let you think neither brain absorbing..and the pain yes..the pain of my half painful brain and the nerves is pulling eyes into the socket..it is painful..

then, Puan Shahnil Asmaar Said, another pretty lady...I want to vomit ...and cut my head into few pieces...

thank god...we are given 1 hour lunch break...my friends and I went to the nearest place to eat..i took 4 panadols..normally it does not work..

the pain is lesser but not gone..our third lecturer is Dr Rahmat Ghazali, he wears a t shirt..(tshirt - he looks small)..but when he started talking..i had the impression, i will have problem with this lecturer..(you got to be there than you will know what i meant).

and our last lecturer is Uztaz Yadman Sarwan, he is a jolly good fellow, he makes me loves his subject the first day of seminar.

(there goes our first seminar)..

....and the months goes by...

the first seminar we are given a few project to be handed in at our last seminar that will be on 19th october..

second seminar - went welll...i managed to submit all of the assignments and on top of that..i had added another paper - Graphics and Layout - under Encik Jamaluddin..not only that we are introduced to another software Indesign CS3 ...what on earth..but immediately i fall in love with this software soon enough.

third seminar is in the month of ramadhan...this is where the problems started...it must be me and not the holy month...i was rather tired the whole month..i did not managed to complete most of the assignments...lack of reading and lack of concentration...

fourth seminar..asking for extension on all papers...on top of that...i did not pay my streamyx bill..and it get cut off..imagine..with plenty of work and no connection...it is putting salt at the wound..

dates of exams has came out...plenty of assignments not complete...friends are dropping the semester and papers..wall is crumbling down...

i had to go on...i started to push myself in the very limited time...GOD knows how hard i pushed myself...

this is the lesson that i will not forget ever..

but i came with some simple future reference -

- do not depend on your friends spirit...you will die

- do not procrastinate..you will die harder and painful

- do not eat too much..not good for your study (you tend to fall asleep sooner)

- do not let emotions takes place during exam (you will regret again)

but do

- do pray

- do zekry

- do memorize

- do your notes..

- do not come near cheaters.

that is for today...

i will put up all of the photos of my lecturers soon...

Chapter 7 - 10 (last test 8 Nov 08) - closed for 2nd Semester

Chapter 7 - Linguistic Diversity & Intercultural Communication

Communication

Defining Communication - Meaning to share with or to make common as in giving to another a part or share of your thoughts, hopes and knowledge.

Communication is an element of culture.

Communication and culture is inseparable.

Communication can only be understood with an understanding of the culture its support.

For chapter seven it will covers. (Puan Shahnil Slides presentation)

1 Language

2 Significance of Verbal

3 Non verbal Communication

4 Realities of Verbal

5 Realities of Non Verbal

6 Devoloping skills with linguistic diversity



1 Language

Language functions not only to report information but actually to shape our perceptions of reality - Benjamin Whorf

a - part of identity of people

b - Has its meaning which are highly related to cultural factors

c - Powerful tools to shape and influence the lives of its cultural people (its members)

d Influence - social attitudes towards the speaker

e - Shape and mold our perception of reality

Intercultural encounters are not only influenced by language and perceptual differences and language choice based on restricted and elaborated social situations but also on language and how its translated for members of a cuhlture.



Significance of Verbal and Non Verbal

blend verbal and nonverbal to best convey a meaning

Nonverbal significance

- accent - Bang table high pitch note voice

- complement eg smile or shake your head

- contradict - wink to indicate you are lying

- regulate - make hand movements

- repeat - with your hands or head

substitute - signal with hands or head



Realities (Verbal and Non Verbal)

- meanings are in people

- meanings are more than words and gestures

- meanings are unique

- meanings are both denotative and connotative (tersurat and tersirat)

- meanings are context based



Developing skills with linguistic diversity (8)

- listen for unintentional meanings

- listen for emotional meanings

- ask for and offer clarification

- give benefit of doubt

- meet people on their cognitive (thingking) territory

- learn greetings

- speak considerately

- do not give up

- learn when to be direct or indirect



Chapter 8

Nonverbal Intercultural Communication (NVC)

- actions - intentionally used (consciously sent and received) and potential for a feedback

- non spoken symbol to communicate a specific message



Conveyed meaning non verbally (what meanings ?)

- interactions to express (liking (facial), status (gesture, touch) responsiveness (degree in involvement interaction)

- emotional expression

- clarify verbal messages (to emphasize (repeat, contradict, substitute, complement)



Knowing culture

- some nonverbal messages can be clearly identified a culture eg - thumb , touch



Cultural Universals

- consistent patters across culture eg - should shrugs , angkat bahu (do no lah tu)

- facial expressions (masam, sedih, senyum - universal)



Aspects of Non Verbal communication (NVC)

- body language (body movement) - (kinesics)

- facial communication

- eye communication

- touch communication

- space and distance (proxemics)

- time (chronemics)

- voice (paralanguage)

- silence

- handshakes




Chapter 9

Intercultural Communication Competencies & Adapting to Culture

( openness to differences and knowledge)



Basics of Intercultural Competence (8)

- Display of respect

- orientation to knowledge

- empathy

- task role behaviour

- relational role behavior

- interaction management

- tolerance for ambiguity

- interaction posture



Effects of intercultural competence

- to improve interpersonal interaction

- facilitate the development



Obstacles to intercultural competence (5)

- ethnocentricsm

- stereotyping

- prejudice

- discrimination

- racism



Chapter 10

Culture, Communication and Conflict

The Nature of conflicts are (4)

- different goals, allocation of resources, decisions or appropriate behaviours



Conflicts in InterCultural (4)

- can be internal or external, different context and leves (high and low context), (different context)

- Interdependent people face differences in views, values, interests, responsibilities amd perceive differences as INCOMPATIBLE (different types)

- different aspects of issues (between people/different culture/ethnic/groups/society) (different issues)

- Different level of conflicts - Interpersonal conflicts, political, social, international (different level)



Characteristics (3)

- Ambiguity (unclear)

- Languages

- Contradictory (different culture express disagreement differently)



Types of Conflict (4)

1- Relationship conflicts

2- Data Conflicts

3- Structural Conflicts

4- Value of Conflicts



Cultural influence on Conflict Management (2) (from book - Dodd)

- Using Communication

- Using Leadership Style

(Communication and attitudes have implications for personal styles of resolving conflict in what researchers refers to as "balance theory".)



Developing skills in reducing conflict (7)

- Avoid emotional persentations (jangan emo ler)

- deal with one issue at a time (satu satu ler selesaikan masalah)

- do not insist your own way ( kalau orang tak terima pendapat awak..jangan paksa orang)

- be clear and direct (jangan lah pulak nak berpantun bersyair pulak..kang lain tafsirnyer)

- admit error openly (mengaku lah kalau dah buat silap secara terbuka)

- look for methods to resolve problems (suggest a method..kalau tak leh cam gini ..can ginun)

- develop a positive communication climate (tengah marah ..tak yah lah bawak bincang)



(habis dah chapter 10)


boleh lah tidur..